In the 17th and 18th centuries, Italian scientists continued to make advancements in the life sciences. Marcello Malpighi, for example, was a physician and biologist who discovered the capillary system and made important observations about the structure of the lungs and the development of insects.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, Italian scientists continued to make significant contributions to the life sciences. Camillo Golgi, for example, was a pathologist who discovered the Golgi apparatus, a cellular organelle that plays a key role in the packaging and transport of proteins within cells. Another notable Italian scientist is Rita Levi-Montalcini, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her work on nerve growth factor.
With a multi-millennial history of curiosity, experimentation and innovation, Italy overtly remains an inspiration and de facto provider of gusto to the rest of the world in food, fashion, design, and perhaps more subtly but as just as profoundly is a central player in the global advancement in engineering, sustainability and aerospace technologies.